P1: Explain concepts associated with nutritional health

What do you know About maintaining a healthy diet? Maintaining a balanced diet and exercising everyday is important for you to stay healthy.

Concepts:
A diet is all the different types of food and drink that a person consumes.

Food is any substance containing nutrients that can be taken into our body system. It's metabolised into energy to ensure the process of repair and growth. Tea without milk does not have any nutritional value. Pepper does not have any nutritional value but is a flavouring agent.

Meals and snacks:
A meal is an important amount of food containing what the body needs to function such as carbohydrates and protein, including breakfast, lunch and dinner. A snack is something that can keep you going in between meals.

Our food us composed of nutrients - which is the chemical substance essential to our health. Nutrients have a role in:
- providing energy
- repair and ensures normal body functions
- supports growth.

Nutrients are chemical substances in our food. The main nutrients are:
- carbohydrates
- minerals
- vitamins
- proteins

Nutritional health:

Malnutrition:
This is a condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are either not enough or are too much, that the diet causes health problems. Malnutrition can cause unintentional weight loss or for you to be overweight or obese.

Under-nutrition:
This is a deficiency of calories or of one or more essential nutrients. Under nutritional is caused primarily by an inadequate intake of dietary energy, regardless of whether any specific nutrients is a limiting factor - weak muscle, tiredness, mood swings, increase in illness or infection. 

Nutritional Measures:

Energy balance:
The body needs energy in order to function. Even when you're asleep or resting, the body uses energy to ensure healthy body function. This is known as basal metabolic rate. It depends on your gender, height and weight.

If we consumes more calories rather than using up the energy, it called turn into fats. For example, when we eat and not walk it off it stores fats. If we use up more up energy than our calorie intake, we will become under weight, for example, if we over excercise. To balance our energy, we need to intake the right amount of calories and burn the right amount of energy. This maintains a healthy body weight.

Body Mass Index (BMI):
A guideline which helps you identify if you are a healthy weight for your height and gender. A health BMI, for adults is between 18.5 and 24.9. 

Underweight - less than 18.5
Overweight - 25 - 29.9
Obese class 1 - 30 - 34.9
Obese class 2 - 35 - 39.9
Morbidily - greater than 40

Actual food intakes:

Dietary intake guidelines:
Food groups:
The balance of good health has categorized food into five different food groups. 

1. Fruits and vegetables - e.g apples and broccoli
2. Starchy foods - e.g. bread
3. Milk and dairy food - e.g. cheese
4. Fats and sugar - e.g. cakes and crisp 
5. Meats, fish and alternatives - e.g. shorn and tofu.

Five a day:
Your five a day is when you should